The diet for pancreatitis depends on whether the disease is acute or chronic. Remember that inflammation of the pancreas is not a trifle, because it plays an important role in digestion, metabolism and absorption of substances (proteins, carbohydrates and fats). Therefore, as soon as the diagnosis is made, it is necessary to make significant changes in your diet. Otherwise, even the latest generation of drugs will be powerless.
Acute (reactive) pancreatitis
As the name suggests, the disease occurs suddenly (usually immediately after ingestion of irritating food). Symptoms: burning abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting. Risk factors: lack of protein in the diet, overeating, alcohol abuse, smoking, greasy, spicy, fried, too cold or too hot food, sweet carbonated water. Sometimes the disease is a consequence of gallstone disease and chronic cholecystitis.
Nutrition in acute (reactive) pancreatitis in adults and children is aimed at providing long-suffering maximum pancreatic rest and at the same time reducing pancreatic and gastric secretion. And here is the sequence of the patient's actions:
- The first 2-4 days after exacerbation.It is recommended not to eat at all, but to use only healing mineral waters in small sips and in small quantities.
- Starting on the 5th day.Gradually and very carefully expand the diet menu for pancreatitis. For this it is recommended to adhere to the 5P treatment table.
- In 6-7 days.We include in the diet jelly, slimy soups, kefir, liquid cereals (except millet), steamed chicken, beef and fish cutlets, mashed potatoes and other vegetables in boiled and stewed form, weak tea, roasted or mashedapples, rosehip broth.
Features of the diet and sample menu
Regardless of where the patient is sent to treat pancreatitis - in a sanatorium or home, he must adhere to a diet number 5, which is based on the following principles:
- Daily norm of vegetable proteins - 30 g, animal proteins - 50 g, vegetable fats - 15 g, animal fats - 45 g and carbohydrates - 200 g. The total caloric intake in pancreatitis should not exceed 2500-2700 kcal per day. The amount of liquid you drink is 1. 5 liters, salt is 10 g.
- The first two weeks we cook dishes without salt.
- We eat at least 5-6 times a day in small portions to eliminate the risk of overeating.
- The temperature of cooked food should be between 45 and 60 degrees.
- The consistency of the dishes is liquid, semi-liquid, ie only pureed food.
The diet for acute pancreatitis implies complete exclusion from the menu for a long time (almost a year) of smoked meats, fried foods, pickles and pickles, sour cream, lard, canned food, baked goods and fresh bread, cream, alcohol. Adherence to all the above recommendations can prevent the development of the disease in a chronic form! An example menu for the day might look like this:
- Breakfast:steamed omelet, puree of oatmeal, weak tea.
- Breakfast:cheese with milk.
- Lunch:buckwheat soup, boiled meat stew, apple jelly.
- Dinner:steamed fish cakes, carrot puree, rosehip broth.
- For the night:kefir.
Chronic pancreatitis
This disease has another extremely unattractive name - prediabetes. In fact, if you have already gone through an unfavorable acute stage (in the absence of appropriate treatment), then the next step may be diabetes. This disease is characterized by two alternating stages - exacerbation and remission. Therefore, nutrition with pancreatitis is aimed at relieving the inflammatory process and thus translating the disease into remission.
So, from now on, your diet will be a lifelong food system. And there is nothing you can do about it. As before, you can take as a basis diet number 5, the basic principles of which we continue to strictly follow. The diet with exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis is again a return to the first three steps (starvation of mineral water and further in the list above).
Approved products:
- milk, yogurt, kefir, non-sour cottage cheese, soft cheese;
- porridge (buckwheat, oats, rice), pasta;
- vegetables (potatoes, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini, beets, etc. );
- cereal biscuits or stale white bread;
- meat (beef, chicken, rabbit, turkey), lean fish;
- baked apples, fruit jellies, fruit sauces;
- oatmeal, fruit drink, non-acidic fruit juices, chamomile tea;
- vegetable broths and puree soups, celery juice.
Prohibited Products:
- sour fruits, fresh cabbage, legumes;
- spinach, sorrel, radishes, radishes;
- hot spices and herbs;
- fresh bread, pastries, pastries;
- sausages, smoked meats, canned food, eggs;
- meat, fish broth, cabbage soup, borscht;
- alcohol, sweet drinks with gas;
- pastries, ice cream, sour cream, sour cream;
- fried foods.